Phenacoccus solenopsistinsley on some vegetable crops. Recently, the mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. The objective of this study was to determine total life cycle of the cotton mealybug from the first instar to the death of adult. Having originated in north america, it has spread to other parts of the world and become a major pest of cotton crops. Briere jf, pracros p, roux ayl, pierre js 1999 a novel rate model of. Cockerell 1902 described the species phenacoccus cevalliae from specimens on the host plant cevallia sinuata obtained at roswell, new mexico, usa. An phenacoccus solenopsis in uska species han insecta nga ginhulagway ni richard c. The potential distribution of an invasive mealybug. Pseudococcidae has been the current topic of research for insect taxonomists and applied entomologists in india due to its invasiveness, rapid spread, morphological and biological variations and the need for establishing an effective control strategy. Pseudococcidae has been the current topic of research for insect taxonomists and. Biology and population growth parameters of the cotton. Insects free fulltext expression patterns, molecular. This study uses molecular methods to clarify the relationships among.
Pseudococcidae on many crops belong to different families making a real worry for both farmers and research scientists. The average numbers of eggs laid by a female were 427. Incidence of a new pest, the cotton mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. Pseudococcidae, is an invasive pest of cotton, apart from several other important crops, and poses a serious threat to agricultural economy all over the world. National institutes of health the european molecular biology laboratory state secretariat for education, research and innovation seri. Pdf biology of the mealy bug, phenacoccus solenopsis. The insects are potentially useful in biological control because they are more resistant to pesticides than are the pests they consume. Genetic record for a recent invasion of phenacoccus.
Pseudococcidae are important plant pests worldwide. There are at least 180 described species in phenacoccus. Observations on field incidence of solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis. Development of novel microsatellites for population. Annotated bibliography on cotton mealybug phenacoccus. The general body color is yellowish to light gray with a conspicuous dusting of powdery white wax figures 1 and 2. Business, international botanical research hostparasite relationships research mealybugs. Solenopsis mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley chinese. Annotated bibliography on cotton mealybug phenacoccus solenopsisstinsley s.
Pdf biology of mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. Seasonal history and biology of cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. Psuedococcidae on cotton in india article pdf available january 2010 with 301 reads how we measure reads. Director r, agriculture research institute, tandojampakistan. Oct 22, 2016 the cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis, the distribution of which was formerly limited to nearctic and neotropical regions, recently invaded many countries in various regions including asia, africa, and the pacific. Pseudococcidae has been the current topic of research for insect taxonomists and applied entomologists in india due to its invasiveness, rapid spread, morphological and biological variations and the need for establishing an effective control. Biology of cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis. Phenacoccus is a genus of mealybugs in the family pseudococcidae. Accidental introduction to new territories is possible through the movement of infested living cassava material for propogative purposes through shipping or air transportmail. Temperaturedriven development and survival rates of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera.
However, the source of this invasion remains unclear. Pseudococcidae attacking cotton and the predators and parasitoids associated with it were recorded in the cotton growing belt of haryana state by conducting monthly surveys during 2008 and 2009. Biology and release of exotic predator cryptolaemus montrouzieri mulsant on mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley at tandojam ghulam sarwar solangi, mohammad khan lohar, ghulam hussain abro and abdul sattar buriro sindh agriculture university, tandojam, sindh pakistan. Pseudococcidae has attacked cotton gossypium hirsutum l. Pseudococcidae, which is native to north america, emerged as a major invasive insect pest of multiple crops in asia at the beginning of the 21st century. Pseudococcidae is a polyphagous insect that attacks tens of plant and causes substantial economic loss. Patel main cotton research station, navsari agricultural university, surat395007gujarat, india corresponding author a b s t r a c t keywords 1.
Usually occurring above ground, but sometimes living in ants nests solenopsis sp. Invasion biology of the cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis. Phenacoccus solenopsis preferred to grow in 860mm precipitation annually. Effect of host plants on life history traits of phenacoccus solenopsis. But now phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley, has been found as a new and.
Mendel, novel approaches for the management of mealybug pests. Population dynamics, biology and chemical control of mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley on hibiscus rosasinensis arve, swapnil, patel, k. The functional difference of eight chitinase genes between. An phenacoccus solenopsis in nahilalakip ha genus nga phenacoccus, ngan familia nga pseudococcidae. In the current study, we investigated the effect of different host plants, such as caesalpinia pulcherrima, plumeria rubra, anthurium andraeanum, jasminum sambac, and hibiscus rosasinensis, on the biological parameters of p. Effect of temperature on development, survival and. Materials and methods collection of insects biological study on phenacoccus solenopsis tinsely was conducted at plant protection department, faculty of. Pdf biological control of solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus. This polyphagous pest was probably introduced accidentally from north america.
The mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Invasion biology of the cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. Biological control of solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus. Reproductive biology of this mealybug species is poorly known, which hinders the. The functions of dna methyltransferase dnmt enzymes in the cotton mealybug have not been well studied. The taxonomy of this species was documented by bendov. Biology of the mealy bug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton in the laboratory. Though insect chitinases have been well studied in tens of insects. The mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley damage on ornamental plants at hcm city and surrounding areas. To the best of our knowledge this is the first record of cotton mealybug, p. In israel, the cotton mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley, an invasive scale insect, was reported for the first time in the jordan valley in 2008 on basil ocimum basilicum and bell pepper. Pseudococcidae, has become a widespread pest causing serious losses in several economically important crops, particularly cotton.
Phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley references edit zhao, j. Sex pheromone of the cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis. Biology of mealy bug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley on cotton. Pseudococcidae, previously reported from the nearctic and neotropics, has been described from the indian subcontinent as a serious and invasive pest of cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. The hitherto unknown insect was subsequently described and named in 1977 as phenacoccus manihoti matileferrero, 1977, originating from the. Pseudococcidae were examined at nine constant temperatures 15, 20, 25, 27, 30, 32, 35 and 40c on hibiscus hibiscus rosa sinensis l. On the biology and thermal developmental requirements of. Niche shifts and the potential distribution of phenacoccus. Pseudococcidae has been noted as a sap sucking pest on cultivated cotton gosspium hirsutum l. Pseudococcidae, is an aggressive pest threatening crops worldwide. General information about phenacoccus solenopsis phenso eppo global database. Phenacoccus solenopsis phensooverview eppo global database. Bioclimatic thresholds, thermal constants and survival of. Rhynocoris longifrons is a species of assassin bug in the family reduviidae.
The cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis, is an invasive pest that can cause massive damage to many host plants of agricultural importance. Phenotypic variation and identification of phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Since 2005, this new world species has emerged as serious pest of cotton and other crops and weeds in pakistan and neighbouring countries. Incidence of a new pest, the cotton mealybug phenacoccus. It is a predator of other insects and is found in asia. Effect of host plants on life history traits of phenacoccus solenopsis homoptera. The effect of temperature on eggs was ineffective since it hatched shortly to first nymphal. Bioecology of solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis. Our goals were to create a current and future potential global distribution map for this pest under climate change. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton in the.
Pdf the cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton in. G abbas, m j arif, m s saleem, f shahstudies on biology of phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. The quarantine insect pest phenacoccus solenopsis hemiptera. Seasonal history and biology of cotton mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. Pseudoccoccidae, is an aggressively invasive pest causing huge economic losses of crops around the world. Different studies on the growth of insect pest of mealy bug shows that high temperature and long sunshine hour had a positive impact on the phenacoccus solenopsis and high rh and rainfall had negative impact of the pest development. The detoxification of various xenobiotic compounds involves the cytochrome p450 monooxygenase cyp superfamily of enzymes. Pdf the cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. Biological control of cotton mealy bug phenacoccus.
In this study, we developed genomewide microsatellites for population genetic analysis of p. Phenacoccus solenopsis cotton mealybug and the closely. Average developmental periods for the first, second and third instars were 3. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley infesting bt cotton s. Results revealed that males and females of mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley went through four and three nymphal instars, with total life cycle of 14. It is originally from north america and has also been introduced to other continents. To assess the impact of primary and secondary parasitoids on the population of the solenopsis. Reproductive mode and male mating characteristic of phenacoccus. Kamariya nm, patel vn 2011 biology of mealy bug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley on cotton. In this study, we determined the structure of a sex. Novel approaches for the management of mealybug pests.
Considering the economic significance of this insect and its rapid worldwide spread, we examined the possible factors driving its invasions. Pseudococcidae has a wide geographical distribution with its origin in central america fuchs et al. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton in the laboratory s vennila1, aj deshmukh2, d pinjarkar2, m agarwal1, vv ramamurthy3, s joshi3, kr kranthi2 and om bambawale1 1national centre for integrated pest management, lbs building, iari, new delhi, india. Several areas in reference to the biology, development and control of p. International journal of agriculture and biology 11.
Population dynamics, biology and chemical control of mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley on hibiscus rosasinensis paperback april 24, 2012. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton in the laboratory s vennila1, aj deshmukh2, d pinjarkar2, m agarwal1, vv ramamurthy3, s joshi3, kr kranthi2 and om bambawale1 1national centre for integrated pest management, lbs building, iari, new delhi, india 2central institute for cotton research, p. The cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemipeta. Prabhakar national centre for integrated pest management lbs building, pusa campus, new delhi110 012 ncipm contribution under naipcomp 4dss c 2046 research into decision support system for. Crawlers successfully completed development to adult stage between 15 and 35c, although their survival was affected at low temperatures. Phenacoccus multicerarii is a relatively large mealybug, with adult females oval in shape and measuring 3. The solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Pseudococcidae has a broad host range and is distributed worldwide. Sep 03, 2016 seasonal history and biology of cotton mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. Biological characteristics and chemical control of the.
Homology difference analysis of invasive mealybug species. Pseudococcidae, is a serious invasive species that significantly damages plants of approximately 60 families around the world. Pseudococcidae has been the current topic of research for insect taxonomists and applied entomologists. The cotton mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera.
Studies on the biology and population growth parameters of p. Invasion biology of the cotton mealybug, phenacoccus. Though insect chitinases have been well studied in tens of insects, their functions in mealybug are still not addressed. This species name was listed by fernald 1903, but later synonymized with p. The solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley, first described. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. Hostplantpreference and mortality analysis of phenacoccus solenopsis in association with biochemical traits of different plant species. Development, survival, host range and natural enemies kedar, santoshkumar c. Phenacoccus solenopsis has the capacity to feed on a wide range of host plants, including plant species of economic importance belonging to the families cucurbitaceae, fabaceae, and solanaceae arif et al. First discovered in cotton crops in texas in 1990, it caused widespread damage. The recent outbreak of cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Pseudococcidae was recorded as a new pest on tomato plants. The mutualism between solenopsis invicta and phenacoccus solenopsis facilitates population increase and fitness of each other.
Host plants distribution and overwintering of cotton. Biology of mealy bug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley on. Occurrence of new species of mealybug on cotton fields in the. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton. Phenacoccus solenopsis cotton mealybug and the closely related p. Phenacoccus solenopsis, the cotton mealybug or solenopsis mealybug, is a species of mealybug in the family pseudococcidae.
Preliminary studies on field parasitization and biology of solenopsis mealybug parasitoid, aenasius bambawalei hay at encyrtidae. Crops on which it is found feeding on pests include pigeon pea, cardamom and peanuts. Pseudococcidae as a new menace to cotton in egypt, and its chemical control. Observations on field incidence of solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Influence of temperature on the biology of aenasius arizonensis girault. Solenopsis mealybug in australia an overview the solenopsis mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis was originally described in new mexico in 1897. Two years later it was present in central america, the caribbean and ecuador. Report by international journal of agriculture and biology. Temperature and rh effect on biology of cotton mealy bug j.
Developmental period and survival of phenacoccus solenopsis on tomato. Reproduction of the solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus. The impact of insecticides on the cotton mealybug, phenacoccus. This book deals with the morphological characteristics, host, distribution, biological characters and control of solenopsis mealybug in china.
Cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley is an important polyphagous insect pest and causes severe losses to different crops worldwide. The information generated may be used for designing a comprehensive pest management program and prediction models for the cotton mealybug. The biology of mealy bug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley was studied on cotton under laboratory conditions at junagadh agricultural university, junagadh at average temperature of 23. The cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Insect chitinases are required to remove the old cuticle to allow for continued growth and development.
Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page the cassava mealybug was first reported in 1973 from the kinshasa congo democratic republic zaire and brazzaville republic of congo areas of africa hahn and williams, 1973. Pdf bioefficacy of some insecticides against cotton. Solenopsis mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. The cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis, the distribution of which was formerly limited to nearctic and neotropical regions, recently invaded many countries in various regions including asia, africa, and the pacific. Ecology, biology and chemical control of cotton mealybug. Duration of different developmental stages, total life cycle, total egg production and other biological parameters were investigated. China scientific books solenopsis mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley author.
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